Almeria (south-east Spain), 1999 and 2002

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20th to 26th November 1999 and 9th to 23rd March 2002


Georges & Mireille Olioso,
le Mail,
26230 Grignan (France)
georges.olioso@wanadoo.fr


In 1999, we stayed one week at Vista Natalia, in the village of Mojacar, and in 2002 at the Vera Beach Club, Garrucha (both are RCI exchange resorts). Vera Beach Club is a few meters from the mouth of the Rio Antas and the beach.

Black Oenanthe leucura and Black-eared Oenanthe hispanica Wheatears are abundant, Thekla Lark Galerida theklae is common and sightings of Purple Gallinule are increasing Porphyrio porphyrio. Hoopoe Upupa epops, Southern Great Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis and Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii are regular. Other species easily seen are Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius, Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica, Pallid Swift Apus pallidus or Stone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus.

There are numerous accommodation and restaurant (the fish is very good !) options in the area. A car is necessary. Gas is cheap (0,72 /l). Water is not drinkable. In 1999, the weather was cold (with snow on the hills !); in 2002 it was fine, sometimes hot. There is always a wind.

Sites

The second edition of 'Where to Watch Birds, Southern & Western Spain' (E. Garcia and A. Paterson) (WWBS).

A) Rio mouths.

Along the coast, near Garrucha, there are good sites.

1) Rio Almanzora (WWBS p 255) : from Garrucha by the coast road, turn right just before the bridge on the embankment and park at the end. Waders on the beach, Purple Gallinule in the reedbed (early morning or at dusk).

2) Rio Antas (WWBS p 254): from Vera, just before Garrucha, turn left to Villaricos, then (± 200 m) right to Pueblo Laguna (or Vera Coast). Park at the end of the road and go up on the embankment or walk on the beach. Very big Jackdaw roost (> 3200 in March 2002), Cattle Egret, Glossy Ibis, Purple Gallinule, numerous Audouin's Gulls on the beach in winter and during migrations.

3) Rio Aguas : from Garrucha, 100 m after the bridge, turn left to the beach and Rio Abejo hotel. Walk on the beach. White-headed Duck and Purple Gallinule.

B) Other sites

1) Rio Almanzora : (see A1 site) Turn left just before the bridge (on the right side) and drive slowly, watch the Rio. Do not drive the left side. Here, the water is from waste water treatment plant and there is generally no water up-stream of the station ! Waders, Bluethroats, Pipits. We saw Griffon Vultures in 1999. It is possible drive to the dam (embalse). Good watching of Red-rumped Swallow and Black Wheatear are possible, just before the dam.

2) Almanzora beach: from Garrucha by the coast road, turn right to the beach just before the petrol station and park at the end of the road. It is possible to explore the eucalyptus wood and the beach (but is not very clean !). Look for waders and Red-breasted Merganser in winter and spring).

3) Waste water treatment plant of Vera : from Garrucha, drive the AL152 (A370 is the same !!) to Turre and Almeria. At km 3,3 turn right on a track (a 4x4 is not necessary when the weather is dry). Drive ± 1km. On the pools, ducks and waders during migrations time. Explore the farmland and the 'salicornia' scrub area is a very good idea in spring (Great Spotted Cuckoo, Black-eared Wheatear, Little Owl, Rock Bunting, Southern Great Grey Shrike)

4) Mofar road: in the village of Turre, turn left (from Mojacar) on the small road to « Torre Cabrera » and drive to Mofar. The village is very nice. En route, Black and Black-eared Wheatears, Blue Rock Thrush.
5) Embalse d'Isabel II : from Nijar, drive the road to Lucainena de las Torres. The dam is sign-posted ± environ 5 km after Nijar, on the right. Park quickly and explore the site (Bonelli's Eagle, Thekla Lark, Calandra Lark).

6) Peñas Negras : from Vera (by the autovia to Almeria), go out at the second exit to Sorbas (exit 514) then turn left to Venta del Pobre and Polopos. Pass Peñas Negras and park about 2 km after this small village. At the km 14, walk the track on the left ( in 2002, there was an old sign « Peligro colmenas » = beware, hives), Red-legged Partridge, Sharpe's Woodpecker, Black Wheatear).

7) Cortijo Los Arejos : from the last site, drive and stop at the km 13, near the ruins of the Cortijo Los Arejos (Red-rumped Swallows, Black and Black-eared Wheatears).

8) Gorges between Polopos and Lucainena de las Torres : continue the same road to the first crossroad and turn right to Polopos and Lucainena. Pass the small village of Polopos (very nice) and drive the very small road in the olive-trees orchards. Park near an old big house on the left and walk into the gorge. (Black Wheatear, Blue Rock Thrush, Crag Martin, Alpine Swift, Thekla Lark

9) Sierra Alhamilla (WWBS p 250) : (this is another access). From Garrucha, drive the autovia to Almeria, go out at the exit 504 to Sorbas, pass this village and continue some kilometres on the old N340. Turn left to Nijar and Lucainena de las Torres, and, at the entrance of this village, turn right to Turrillas. Pass this small village (streets are narrow) and drive the small road to Sierra Alhamilla and Colaviti. We stop 3 times : 1) just above the village, in a rocky area (Black Wheatear and Alpine Accentor in 2002) - 2) more above, in an area with very low vegetation where there is numerous tracks (Spectacled Warbler is common) and 3) at the summit, near the observatory, in a pine forest with Coal Tits, Crossbills, Rock Buntings.

10) San José area (Cabo de Gata, WWBS p 236) : 1) playa de los Genoveses, beautiful site 2) track to Cabo de Gata, drive on the dusty road to the grid, park and walk. Nice walk, but the weather was hot ! Very numerous Black Wheatears, Pallid and Alpine Swifts.

11) Salinas of Cabo de Gata (WWBS p 238) : Flamingos, Short-toed Lark, Stone Curlews, numerous waders.

12) Las Almoladeras (WWBS p 236) : Black-bellied Sandgrouse, Lesser Short-toed Lark.

C) It is also necessary to visit one site west of Almeria, Cañadas de Las Norias (WWBS p 244) where White-headed Ducks are numerous and where it is possible to see Purple Gallinule and numerous ducks (perhaps Marbled Teal) and migrant passerines.

Species list

1. Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis. Embalse de Cuevas del Almanzora (3, 22-11-1999 ; 6, 13-03-2002), rio Aguas mouth (4, 25-11-1999 ; 2, 19-03-2002), Rio Antas mouth Garrucha (3, 10-03-2002), Las Norias (> 35, 25-11-1999 ; > 40, 11-03-2002), on a small pool, near the old airfield of Turre (4, 24-11-1999).

2. Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus. Las Norias, 1, 11-03-2002 ; 6 on the sea, Cuevas del Almanzora, 13-03-2002 and 2 same place, 17-03-2002.

3. Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis. > 12, Las Norias, 11-03-2002 ; 2 on the sea, Cuevas del Almanzora, 13-03-2002 and 1, same place, 17-03-2002.

4. Mediterranean Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus. Some at sea in front of the Salinas of Cabo de Gata, 25-11-1999 and 14, 15-03-2002, same place.

5. Gannet Morus bassanus. Regular, but in very small number.

6. Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo. Common at sea.

7. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis. Not very common. 289 at roost, from 10 to 23-03-2002 in the reed-bed of the Rio Antas mouth, Garrucha.

8. Little Egret Egretta garzetta. Only at coast.

9. Great White Egret Ardea alba. One, flying, 13-03-2002 in front of the beach of Cuevas del Almanzora. This species is rare here.

10. Grey Heron Ardea cinerea. Regular but not very common near the coast. Rare in the interior (1, 26-11-1999 near Tabernas).

11. Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus. One from 14 to 17-03-2002 at Rio Antas mouth, Garrucha.

12. Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia. One, 15-03-2002, Salinas of Cabo de Gata.

13. Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber. More than 150, 15-03-2002 Salinas de Cabo de Gata. At Las Norias, 3, 25-11-1999.

14. Wigeon Anas penelope. ± 10, Las Norias, 25-11-1999 and 11-03-2002 ; 3, 15-03-2002 Salinas of Cabo de Gata.

15. Gadwall Anas strepera. Only one sighting: 9, 11-03-2002, Las Norias,.

16. Teal Anas crecca. Waste water treatment plant of Vera, 8, 26-11-1999 and 2, 19-03-2002.

17. Mallard Anas platyrhynchos. Seen everywhere there is water. Maximum 26, 19-03-2002 waste water treatment plant of Vera.

18. Garganey Anas querquedula. One female, 20-03-2002, Rio Almanzora.

19. Shoveler Anas clypeata. Like Mallard. Maximum > 50, 11-03-2002, Las Norias.

20. Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina. Only at Las Norias. Maximum, 7, 20-11-1999.

21. Pochard Aythya ferina. At Las Norias, ± 50, 25-11-1999 ; Rio Aguas mouth, Mojacar, 1 male, 25-11-1999 and 5 (4 males), 19-03-2002.

22. Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator. 6 at sea, 17-03- Rio Almanzora mouth.

23. White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala. Common Las Norias (> 25, 25-11-1999 ; 15, 11-03-2002). A male, 25-11-1999, Rio Aguas mouth, Mojacar.

24. Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus. 10, flying, 22-11-1999, Cuevas del Almanzora.

25. Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus. Females, 20-11-1999 and 11-03-2002, Las Norias ; male and female, 14-03-2002 Rio Antas, Garrucha.

26. Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus. One, 22-11-1999, Turre.

27. Buzzard Buteo buteo. Only in November 1999 near Mojacar and Cuevas del Almanzora.

28. Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus. One, 21-11-1999, Mojacar.

29. Bonelli's Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus. One adult, 18-03-2002, embalse d'Isabel II.

30. Osprey Pandion haliaetus. One, Garrucha, 13-03-2002 and one above the exit 467 near Nijar, 15-03-2002.

31. Kestrel Falco tinnunculus. Common.

32. Merlin Falco columbarius. One, 14-03-2002, Puerto Sta Maria de Nieva (Vélez-Rubio).

33. Peregrine Falco peregrinus. One (brookei), Mojacar, 22-11-1999 and one, 22-03-2002, Cortijo Los Arejos, km 16 (west Peñas Negras, Sorbas).

34. Red-legged Partridge Alectoris rufa. Common.

35. Water Rail Rallus aquaticus. 5, 25-11-1999, Las Norias.

36. Spotted Crake Porzana porzana. One, 11-03-2002, Las Norias.

37. Moorhen Gallinula chloropus. Seen at every pool. > 60, 11-03-2002, Las Norias.

38. Purple Gallinule Porphyrio porphyrio. Increasing species. In March 2002, seen at Las Norias and at rios Almanzora, Antas and Aguas mouths.

39. Coot Fulica atra. seen at Las Norias and at rios Almanzora, Antas and Aguas mouths. > 500, 25-11-1999 (one leucistic and 2 incubating) and > 250, 11-03-2002, Las Norias.

40. Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus. Only in small numbers. Maximum 11, 24-11-1999, Rio Almanzora.

41. Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta. Only in Salinas of Cabo de Gata ; maximum more than 250, 15-03-2002.

42. Stone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus. Common in winter and widespread breeder. Near the Salinas of Cabo de Gata, 57 together 23-11-1999.

43. Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola. 10, 10-03-2002, Garrucha are very early.

44. Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius. In March 2002, almost 6 pairs displaying in the Rio Almanzora (maximum 14, 20-03-2002) ; 2 pairs displaying, 19-03-2002 waste water treatment plant of Vera.

45. Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula. 2, Rio Almanzora, 22-11-1999.

46. Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus. Seen on every beach and in salinas. Pair copulating, 17-03-2002, Rio Almanzora mouth.

47. Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola. In 1999, 8, 25-11, salinas of Cabo de Gata. In 2002, 1, 10-03 on the Garrucha beach and 4, 15-03 salinas de Cabo de Gata.

48. Lapwing Vanellus vanellus. Only in autumn 1999 in small number of sites. Maximum, 30, 25-11, Las Norias.

49. Sanderling Calidris alba. Seen everywhere and every time on the beaches. Maximum 39, 17-03-2002, Rio Almanzora mouth.

50. Little Stint Calidris minuta. In small numbers (maximum, 10, 17-03-2002, Rio Almanzora) salinas and rio mouths.

51. Dunlin Calidris alpina. Only one sighting, 31, 13-03-2002, Rio Almanzora.

52. Snipe Gallinago gallinago. Rio Almanzora: 3, 24-11-1999 and 2, 20-03-2002. One, Las Norias, 25-11-1999.

53. Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa. Salinas of Cabo de Gata, 4 ,l 25-11-1999 and 95, 15-03-2002.

54. Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus. One, 13-03-2002, Cuevas del Almanzora beach.

55. Curlew Numenius arquata. In 1999, one, 20-11, salinas de San Agustin and 25-11, salinas of Cabo de Gata.

56. Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus. 3, 25-11-1999, salinas of Cabo de Gata.

57. Redshank Tringa totanus. In 1999, 2, 22-11, Rio Almanzora, 1, 25-11, salinas of Cabo de Gata and 1 the same day, Las Norias. In 2002, , 2, 15-03, Salinas of Cabo de Gata.

58. Greenshank Tringa nebularia. Rio Almanzora, 2, 24-11-1999 and 2 or 3, from 11 to 20-03-2002.

59. Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus. Everywhere. Maximum 10, Rio Almanzora, 25-03-2002.

60. Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola. One, 20-03-2002, Rio Almanzora.

61. Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos. Las Norias, 1, 25-11-1999 ; Rio Almanzora, 1, 22-11-1999 (embalse), 1, 24-11-1999 and 1, 20-03-2002.

62. Rudy Turnstone Arenaria interpres. 1, Rio Almanzora mouth, 17-03-2002.

63. Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus. One adult, 15-03-2002, salinas of Cabo de Gata.

64. Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus. Common at coast.

65. Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii. Common at coast (64, 12-03-2002, Garrucha). We saw birds ringed in Tarragona Province (one 19-06-1988 ! ) and 2 ringed in Murcia.

66. Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus. Common at coast (81, 12-03-2002, Garrucha). Graellsii and intermedius were seen.

67. Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis. Very common (± 130, salinas of Cabo de Gata, 15-03-2002).

68. Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis. In small number everywhere along the coast. Maximum 27, 15-03-2002 Cabo de Gata beach.

69. Razorbill Alca torda. Common at sea in autumn. Maximum 25, 15-03-2002, Cabo de Gata beach.

70. Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis. 14 (3 groups), 15-03-2002, Las Amoladeras (WWBS p 237).

71. Rock Pigeon Columba livia. Feral pigeons are abundant, but the is also Pigeons breeding in gorges and cliffs.

72. Stock Pigeon Columba oenas. Rare in the area. Two sightings in 2002. Nine seen 14-03, Puerto Sta Maria de Nieva (Vélez-Rubio) are probably wintering birds, but a bird seen 20-03 near the summit of the Sierra Alhamilla is interrogative.

73. Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus. Widespread in small number in the woods (also small) in the interior. More numerous in the forest of the Sierra Alhamilla and near Sorbas and Vélez-Rubio.

74. Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto. Widespread and (very) common in the coast towns. Not present in numerous villages in the interior.

75. Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius. In 2002, 2 near Albox, 14-03 ; 3, 16-03 near Sorbas and 2, 19-03 waste water treatment plant of Vera.

76. Cuckoo Cuculus canorus. In 2002, numerous sightings from the 12-03.

77. Barn Owl Tyto alba. One, singing, 11-03-2002, Garrucha.

78. Scops Owl Otus scops. One killed by a car, 22-11-1999, Mojacar. One singing, in the day, 11-03-2002, embalse de Isabel II and one 17-03, Cala Cristal (east de Villaricos).

79. Little Owl Athene noctua. One, 23-11-1999, Las Amoladeras (WWBS p 237), one, singing, 12-03-2002, near Garrucha, a pair on a ruin, 14-03-2002, km 4 of the A327 (Vélez-Rubio) and 1, 19-03-2002 waste water treatment plant of Vera.

80. Common Swift Apus apus. One, 17-03-2002, Rio Antas mouth, Garrucha.

81. Pallid Swift Apus pallidus. Numerous from the 14-03-2002 (almost 35, 21-03, east of Cabo de Gata.

82. Alpine Swift Apus melba. One, 17-03-2002, Garrucha, then almost 15, 21-03, east of Cabo de Gata.

83. Kingfisher Alcedo atthis. Las Norias, 1, 25-11-1999 and 11-03-2002 ; 2, 17-03-2002, Rio Almanzora.

84. Hoopoe Upupa epops. Common and widespread.

85. Sharpe's Green Woodpecker Picus viridis sharpei. Not common. One old airport near Turre, 24-11-1999 ; one, 13-03-2002, in the olive-trees between Cuevas del Almanzora and N340 ; one, 14-03-2002, Sta Maria de Nieva and one le 18-03-2002 above Turrillas.

86. Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra. In 2002, 6, 15-03, salinas of Cabo de Gata and 2, 18-03, embalse d'Isabel II.

87. Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla. Three, 15-03, salinas of Cabo de Gata.

88. Lesser Short-toed Lark Calandrella rufescens. 23-11-2002, 2 Las Amoladeras (WWBS p 237) and 4 Cabo de Gata beach. More than 25 (numerous in song) le 15-03-2002 Las Amoladeras.

89. Crested Lark Galerida cristata. Common and widespread.

90. Thekla Lark Galerida theklae. Common and widespread.

91. Woodlark Lullula arborea. Two, 12-03-2002 along the track of Mesa Roldan (Park Natural Cabo de Gata Nijar).

92. Sand Martin Riparia riparia. In 2002, in small number from the 10-03.

93. Crag Martin Hirundo rupestris. Widespread and common in the gorges and in front of cliffs in spring and above the lakes in autumn. More then 150, 20-11-1999, Las Norias ; ± 60, 22-11-1999, embalse of Cuevas del Almanzora.

94. Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica. Common in spring. No birds in November 1999.

95. Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica. Only two sightings. Pair near Cortijo Los Arejos, km 16 west Peñas Negras (Sorbas) and embalse de Cuevas del Almanzora. An old nest under the bridge above the Rio Aguas, Mojacar beach.

96. House Martin Delichon urbica. Widespread but not common in March 2002. No birds in November 1999.

97. Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis. One, 21-03-2002, Playa de los Genovese, San José.

98. Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis. Common and widespread in winter, also in semi-desert areas.

99. Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta. Seen along Rio Almanzora November 1999 and March 2002.

100. Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava. Some birds near the coast in 2002.

101. Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea. One, 22-11-1999, embalse Cuevas del Almanzora.

102. White Wagtail Motacilla alba. Widespread.

103. Wren Troglodytes troglodytes. Birds in song 18 and 20-03-2002, Sierra Alhamilla in rocky sites.

104. Dunnock Prunella modularis. One, 24-11-1999 near Turre.

105. Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris. Two, 18-03-2002 on the rocks above Turrillas.

106. Robin Erithacus rubecula. Widespread in small number.

107. Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos. One (early ?), 11-03-2002, Las Norias.

108. Bluethroat Luscinia svecica. 5, 24-11-1999, Rio Almanzora. In 2002, 2, 11-03, Las Norias ; 1, 18-03 Rio Antas mouth, Garrucha ; a male svecica seen (in song) in very good conditions near the waste water treatment plant of Vera, 18-03. This form is a vagrant in Spain.

109. Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros. Widespread in small number. Maximum 10, old airport near Turre, 24-11-1999.

110. Stonechat Saxicola torquata. Widespread in the interior.

111. Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica. In 2002, common in the interior from 16-03.

112. Black Wheatear Oenanthe leucura. Very common and widespread in rocky areas, also at coast ! Particularly abundant in Cabo de Gata and above Turrillas.

113. Blackbird Turdus merula. Widespread and common.

114. Song Thrush Turdus philomelos. Two, 15-03-2002, Las Amoladeras (WWBS p 237).

115. Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus. One, 12-03-2002 near Sorbas, 1,5 km east Peñas Negras (km 14), on the old road.

116. Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti. Common and widespread along the river in the plains.

117. Fan-tailed Warbler Cisticola juncidis. Some near the rios mouths ; also Las Norias and waste water treatment plant of Vera.

118. Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus. Birds in song Las Norias and rios mouths in March 2002.

119. Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus. One, 22-03-2002, Rio Antas mouth, Garrucha.

120. Dartford Warbler Sylvia undata. In November 1999 salinas of Cabo de Gata, Las Amoladeras (WWBS p 237) and Mojacar. In March 2002, common in the interior.

121. Spectacled Warbler Sylvia conspicillata. Common above Turrillas. Birds in song Nijar (Sendero de Mesa Roldan) and Albox (Santuario del Saliente).

122. Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans. In 2002, widespread in small number.

123. Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala. Abundant everywhere.

124. Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla. Only 11 sightings

125. Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita. Common near the water and everywhere there is trees. Pike migration in March 2002. More than 100, 11-03-2002, Las Norias. All the birds were collybita.

126. Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus. One, Las Norias, 11-03-2002 and 17-03, Cala Cristal (east de Villaricos).

127. Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus. Only one sighting, 2, 20-03-2002 in the pines forest, Sierra Alhamilla (Colativi).

128. Crested Tit Parus cristatus. Only 20-03-2002 in the pines forest, Sierra Alhamilla (Colativi).

129. Coal Tit Parus ater. Only 20-03-2002 in the pines forest, Sierra Alhamilla (Colativi)

130. Blue Tit Parus caeruleus. A rare species here. In 2002, 2, 14-03-2002, east El Bancalejo (Vélez-Rubio) and 2, 20-03 summit of the Sierra Alhamilla (Colativi), above Turrillas.

131. Great Tit Parus major. Widespread in gardens and woody areas.

132. Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus. Seen in all the reed-beds.

133. Southern Great Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis. Common and widespread.

134. Jay Garrulus glandarius. Not in the plain. Seen near Albox, Puerto Sta Maria de Nieva, Sierra Alhamilla.

135. Magpie Pica pica. Widespread in the plain.

136. Jackdaw Corvus monedula. Common between Vera and Sorbas. Almost 3200 at roost in the reeds of the Rio Antas mouth, Garrucha, in March 2002.

137. Carrion Crow Corvus corone. Virtually absent in the coastal plain, but one, 14-03-2002 at roost with the Jackdaws, Garrucha. Widespread north of Sierra Alhamilla, in Vélez-Rubio area, from Puerto Sta Maria de Nieva and El Contador.

138. Starling Sturnus vulgaris. Seen only in autumn 1999.

139. Spotless Starling Sturnus unicolor. Widespread.

140. House Sparrow Passer domesticus. Widespread and common to abundant. > 350, 21-11-1999, between Mojacar and the sea.

141. Tree Sparrow Passer montanus. Only one sighting, ± 30, 24-11-1999, Rio Almanzora.

142. Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia. Two, Mojacar, 21-11-1999 ; one, 12-03-2002 along the track of Mesa Roldan (P.N. de Cabo de Gata-Nijar) and 3, 22-03-2002 between Polopos and Lucaina de las Torres (Sorbas).

143. Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs. Not common near the coast. In March 2002, birds in song only in the pines forest, summit Sierra Alhamilla (Colativi), above Turrillas.

144. Serin Serinus serinus. Very common. Youngs out of the nest 21-03-2002 near San José.

145. Greenfinch Carduelis chloris. Very common and widespread.

146. Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis. Very common and widespread.

147. Linnet Carduelis cannabina. Widespread and common.

148. Crossbill Loxia curvirostra. Only 20-03-2002 in the pines forest, Sierra Alhamilla (Colativi) above Turrillas ; a pair with 3 youngs.

149. Rock Bunting Emberiza cia. Everywhere in small number to the coast.

150. Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus. Not common: 2, 11-03 embalse d'Isabel II ; pair, 14-03 east El Bancalejo (Vélez-Rubio) and 1, 19-03 waste water treatment plant of Vera.

151. Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus. Some in the reed-beds of the rios mouths. All this birds were schoeniclus.

152. Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra. Common.